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How do hydraulic cylinders work?

How do hydraulic cylinders work ?

Powerful and versatile mechanical devices, hydraulic cylinders use hydraulic pressure to generate a controlled force. Thanks to their ability to lift heavy loads, their precise control of the action and their reliability, they are widely used in a variety of industries. However, it is important to understand how hydraulic cylinders work, to take full advantage of their benefits. Curious to find out more about how these tools work? Read on for full details.

What are hydraulic cylinders used for ?

Vérins hydrauliques | Fournisseurs industriels

The hydraulic jacks are prized for their remarkable ability to convert hydraulic pressure into mechanical displacement. These devices offer precise, reliable control of movement. As a result, cylinders are the preferred choice for industrial lifting, positioning and kinetic control requirements.

- The ability to lift heavy loads

The jacks can lift heavy loads with ease.

Thanks to their efficient power transmission system, you'll find them in industrial equipment requiring high lifting capacity, such as cranes, hydraulic presses and lifting machines.

- Precise control of movement

Another equally important benefit of hydraulic cylinders in industry is the precise control of linear movement they offer.

By adjusting the pressure and flow of the hydraulic motor fluid, you can regulate the speed and position of the piston with great precision. This gives you the smooth motion essential for tasks requiring precise positioning. That's what makes precision machine tools and presses so valuable.

- The reliability of hydraulic cylinders

Robust design combined with the use of high-quality materials give these cylinders great resistance to heavy loads, vibration and extreme operating conditions. They survive long periods of use without the need for frequent repairs.

- The adaptability of hydraulic cylinders to different applications

The cylinders are available in a variety of sizes, configurations and load capacities, making them suitable for a wide range of industrial applications. The icing on the cake, isn't it! Yes, whether it's lifting, pressing, moving or other tasks, you'll find a hydraulic cylinder to suit !

The working cycle of a hydraulic cylinder

Vérins hydrauliques simple effet standards, bruts et de freinage

You're probably wondering how a hydraulic cylinder works, right? That's right, its activity is determined by three phases: retraction, extension and return. Each plays a crucial role in the movement of the mobile actuator and the rod. This combination inevitably ensures that the cylinder operates smoothly in the mechanical system in which it is used.

- The re-entry phase

During this phase, the hydraulic motor fluid is skilfully channelled into the energy chamber. It also exerts pressure on the piston, pushing it towards the rear of the cylinder. This has the effect of retracting the piston rod, bringing back the attached load or tool. This is followed by the extension phase.

- The extension phase

At this exciting stage, hydraulic fluid is precisely directed into the energy chamber. This time, it pushes the piston towards the front of the cylinder, giving impetus to the piston rod. This extends, allowing the load or tool to be moved outwards.

- The return phase

Once the extension phase is complete and the piston rod has reached its maximum position, the hydraulic cylinder enters its return phase.

During this equally important phase, the hydraulic fluid changes direction and is routed to the return chamber. In this way, the mobile actuator returns to its original position, and its stem retracts again, ready for the next cycle. Far from over, this cycle is repeated again and again to meet your needs.

Key elements in the operation of hydraulic cylinders

You are now familiar with how a hydraulic cylinder works. Now let's move on to the key elements that govern its activity in an industrial environment.

The pressure exerted by the incompressible fluid.

At the heart of cylinder activity is the pressure exerted by an incompressible liquid, often hydraulic oil. This is used to propel the liquid through the cylinder, creating a force that causes the piston to move.

How is force transmitted in a hydraulic cylinder?

To get a clear idea of how force is transmitted in a hydraulic cylinder let's return to the fundamental principle of hydraulic pressure. This states that when a liquid is directed into the cylinder's working chamber, the pressure exerted on the piston creates a force which is then transmitted to the piston rod.

In fact, this output force is the boss responsible for moving heavy loads with ease and precision.

In addition, the design and quality of the cylinder components, such as the diameter of the cylinder and rod, have a direct influence on the output force generated.

How is the movement of a hydraulic cylinder controlled?

To have total control over the activity of the hydraulic cylinder, you can use hydraulic control valves. These valves regulate the pressure and flow of the fluid circulating through the equipment.

As well as regulating pressure and flow, there are various methods of controlling the speed and position of a hydraulic cylinder's mobile actuator. Other devices, such as pressure limiters and servo valves, can be used to precisely modulate the speed of the moving actuator and achieve accurate positioning.

Here you are how the movement of a hydraulic cylinder is controlled whatever its type, size or manoeuvring power.

Maintenance of hydraulic cylinders

entretien de vérin hydraulique Pau

To ensure the durability of your cylinders, regular maintenance is essential. Here are two key aspects of maintenance: preventive maintenance and repair.

Preventive maintenance of hydraulic cylinders

Preventive maintenance plays a crucial role in keeping your hydraulic cylinders at peak performance. By carrying out regular checks and maintenance, you can anticipate potential problems and take the necessary action before they turn into costly breakdowns.

You're probably wondering what maintenance activities we're talking about! These include lubrication of seals, visual inspection, cleaning and periodic replacement of wearing parts.

By proactively looking after your cylinders, you can extend their service life and minimise unplanned downtime

Repairing the hydraulic cylinder

Despite all your preventive maintenance efforts, it may happen that your hydraulic cylinder needs repairing. When you encounter leaks or performance problems, take steps to resolve them quickly and efficiently.

La repair of a hydraulic cylinder may involve the replacement of seals, cylinders or other defective components.

We also recommend that you call in qualified professionals to carry out the repairs, as they have the expertise and tools needed to do the work accurately. This will ensure that the cylinder works properly once it has been repaired.

Still on the same theme

- What is a hydraulic cylinder?

- What are the different types of hydraulic cylinders?

- Applications of hydraulic cylinders

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