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How do I repair hydraulic motors and pumps?

Hydraulics is a sensitive field, and the equipment we work with is often complex and delicate. As a result, its maintenance is extremely sensitive and, of course, a matter of the utmost importance. Whether it's hydraulic motors or pumps, when it comes to repair and maintenance, it's often a matter for a specialist. So how does it work and why? We'll get straight to the point!

Hydraulic motors

Before talking about maintenance, let's take a look at hydraulic motors themselves.

A hydraulic motor is a motor that can be described as isothermal. Its function is to generate mechanical energy using hydraulic power. It is the transformation of hydraulic power into mechanical power that creates the conditions for its operation, which can be described as hydrostatic transmission.

The action of generating power in this way relies on fluid pressure. To do this, the engine does not work alone, so to speak. It is the combination of pumps, valves and other reservoirs that enable these fluids to be put under pressure. These fluids are then channelled into the engine to produce mechanical energy and keep it running. Depending on their nature and function, a motor can perform a rotary or linear movement.

Note that this transformation is reversible. This is a characteristic of most hydraulic motors.

There are four types of hydraulic motor:

  • Vane. These have a rotor fitted with blades, which, under the pressure of the fluid, causes the coupling shaft to rotate.
  • Axial piston. These pistons move under pressure and, as they turn, force the vortex to pivot by means of a linkage.
  • Radial pistons. Here, the pistons rotate on a cam, allowing several strokes to be available. The piston pushes on its connecting rod on the cam concerned and thus acts on the motor coupling shaft.
  • Geared. This has toothed wheels, one of which engages in the other to cause rotation when a fluid passes through them.

Since a pump itself uses hydraulic motors, but specialises in pumping a liquid, there is no need to dwell too much on its specific features. Now that we've got that out of the way, let's move on to the maintenance and repair of hydraulic motors and pumps. Are you ready? Here we go!

Repair and maintenance

Before we talk about repairs, let's look at maintenance. These sensitive devices need to be serviced often and very carefully. They are often put to the test, and their durability obviously depends on scrupulous maintenance.

Overhaul and maintenance dates must be respected, and our machines must be regularly inspected by specialist technicians. We're talking about specific machines here, and this maintenance can't be improvised by a handyman in the factory! Unfortunately, not all maintenance work can prevent breakage or damage to specific parts. In such cases, maintenance is not enough, and there's no question of tinkering to make it last longer.

You need to call in a technician who will isolate the faulty part, identify the reasons for the breakdown and take the necessary action. A referral to a maintenance department is sometimes even necessary when the damage is too serious or the part concerned too sensitive to be changed and repaired on site.

Given the importance of monitoring the maintenance and repair of hydraulic motors and pumps, contracts are often signed with specialist companies, or even the original supplier. These contracts include maintenance, or even the supply of parts, etc.

Now you know everything!

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