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The fixed-displacement pump

Essential components for modern hydraulic systems, the automatic hydraulic pumps offer unrivalled power and efficiency. Of these, fixed displacement pumps are particularly notable for their ability to provide a constant and precise supply of hydraulic fluid. Want to find out more about fixed-displacement automatic hydraulic pumps? This article gives you all the details.

What is a fixed-displacement pump ?

Bien choisir une pompe hydraulique - Guides d'achat DirectIndustry

The pompes hydrafixed displacement pumps are hydraulic components that are used to generate hydraulic power from the mechanical energy supplied by a motor or other drive system. They are often used in industrial hydraulic systems to provide a constant and accurate supply of hydraulic fluid.

Unlike variable displacement pumps, fixed displacement hydraulic pumps can maintain a constant pressure in the hydraulic system, even when the demand for hydraulic fluid varies.

How does a fixed-displacement automatic hydraulic pump work ?

In a fixed-displacement pump, a vane, gear or piston rotor driven by an electric or thermal motor rotates inside a fixed casing. The spaces between the rotor teeth and the inside walls of the casing form cavities into which the hydraulic fluid is drawn and expelled.

The fixed displacement determines the flow of hydraulic fluid delivered by the pump. The larger the displacement, the greater the flow of hydraulic fluid. The flow rate of a fixed-displacement pump can only be adjusted by changing the speed of rotation of the pump.

What types of fixed-displacement pump are there ?

The fixed displacement pump can be of different types, such as gear pumps, vane pumps, piston pumps or screw pumps. Each of these pump types uses a different method to compress the hydraulic fluid and move it through the hydraulic system.

Piston pump

Fonctionnement d'une pompe à pistons membranes

La piston pump is a type of fixed-displacement pump that uses pistons to suck in and expel hydraulic fluid.

Depending on the orientation of the pistons in relation to the pump's axis of rotation, fixed-displacement piston pumps can be either axial or radial.

In addition, fixed-displacement piston pumps can also be fitted with flow and pressure control devices, such as proportional valves or pressure regulators, to adjust flow and pressure in real time according to the needs of the application.

Vane pump

Pompe à palettes — Wikipédia

Unlike piston pumps, the vane pump uses vanes to compress the hydraulic fluid in the spaces between the rotor and the housing.

Vane pumps are often used in light and medium hydraulic applications, as they are compact and inexpensive.

Screw pump

Pompes à vis : expertise, fonctionnement et avantages

La screw pump is another type of fixed-displacement pump that uses a pair of rotating screws to suck in and expel hydraulic fluid.

Typically used in constant flow or low flow variation applications, such as air conditioning or heating systems, they are also capable of operating at higher pressures than gear pumps, making them suitable for heavy industrial applications.

Hydraulic gear pump

Made up of two toothed wheels that rotate around each other, the hydraulic gear pump is the most common type of fixed-displacement pump.

In a gear pump, hydraulic fluid is drawn into the space between the teeth of the two gears and is expelled when the teeth close.

What's more, gear pumps are inexpensive and reliable, but their flow rate is often limited and they can be noisy.

Why use a fixed-displacement pump ?

Fixed-displacement automatic hydraulic pumps are becoming increasingly popular with many users, thanks to their many advantages.

First of all, fixed-displacement pumps are known for their reliability, as they have a simple design and are less likely to fail, unlike variable-displacement pumps, which have more complex components.

What's more, fixed-displacement pumps are highly energy-efficient, consuming less energy than variable-displacement pumps to deliver the same quantity of fluid.

Fixed-displacement pumps also have a longer service life due to their simple design, making them more economical in the long term.

Finally, fixed-displacement pumps can maintain a constant pressure, which is important for applications where a constant pressure is required.

What are the applications of fixed-displacement pumps ?

Fixed displacement automatic hydraulic pumps are widely used in a variety of industrial applications to provide precise and constant hydraulic power. These pumps are fitted with fixed-size cylinders, which determine the flow rate of hydraulic fluid delivered by the pump.

Machine tools, such as lathes, milling and drilling machines, often use fixed-displacement hydraulic pumps to power the hydraulic actuators that control tool movements. This is because these machines require high precision and fast response to ensure high quality cutting results, and fixed displacement hydraulic pumps provide constant power to meet these requirements.

Pompe À Cylindrée Fixe A10Vzo A10VZO003DR000/10R A10VZO Maroc

Hydraulic presses are another common industrial application for fixed-displacement hydraulic pumps. These presses are used to compress, shape and assemble materials such as metals and plastics. Fixed displacement hydraulic pumps provide constant hydraulic pressure for greater precision and reliability in these manufacturing operations.

Cranes and bulldozers are also examples of construction equipment that use fixed displacement hydraulic pumps to provide the hydraulic power needed to lift and move heavy loads. Fixed displacement hydraulic pumps provide constant lifting power for precise and efficient load handling.

Still on the same theme

Variable displacement pump

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