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Variable displacement axial piston pumps

Used in a variety of industrial applications, from mobile equipment to machine tools and hydraulic presses, the variable displacement pump enables precise control of liquid flow and pressure. There are many different types of variable displacement pump, but one of the most common is the axial piston pump, which has revolutionised the field of hydraulics. In this article, we will explore variable displacement axial piston pumps, how they work and how they are used, as well as the advantages they offer over other types of pump.

What is a variable displacement axial piston pump ?

Moteurs a pistons axiaux a cylindree variable | Bondioli & Pavesi

Axial piston variable displacement pumps are hydraulic pumps that use a series of pistons arranged in a straight line within a cylinder. These pistons move in a straight line inside a cylinder and are held in contact with a swash plate or curved shaft.

In the bent axis configuration, the pistons are arranged around a central axis and move in cylinders as the shaft rotates. Displacement is adjusted by altering the pivot angle of the pistons. In the swashplate design, the rotating pistons are supported by a swashplate whose angle determines the piston stroke.

Unlike variable displacement radial piston pumps, variable displacement axial piston pumps are used for applications requiring high flow and pressure ranging from a few dozen to several hundred bars.

How do variable displacement axial piston pumps work ?

Principe de fonctionnement d'une pompe à pistons axiaux La illustre le... | Download Scientific Diagram

Variable displacement axial piston pumps operate using a set of axial pistons arranged around a central axis. The movement of the pistons is generated by the rotation of the central shaft. The pistons slide along fixed cylinders arranged around the shaft, creating alternating suction and pressure to pump the fluid. The variable displacement allows the volume of fluid sucked in and pumped by each piston to be adjusted according to the needs of the application.

What are the advantages of variable displacement axial piston pumps ?

Variable displacement axial piston pumps have many advantages over other types of pump.

Thanks to their variable displacement design, these pumps can deliver the flow required for a specific application, optimising the energy efficiency of the system. Variable displacement axial piston pumps can also be fitted with flow and pressure control mechanisms, allowing precise adaptation to the specific needs of each application.

Another advantage of these pumps is their high energy efficiency. Because they deliver only the flow required for a given application, these pumps consume less energy than constant-flow pumps. In addition, their robust construction and low wear rate also contribute to their energy efficiency by reducing performance losses.

In addition, variable displacement axial piston pumps generally produce less noise and vibration than other types of pump. This is partly due to their construction, which allows the pistons to rotate more smoothly and evenly. This is particularly important in applications where noise and vibration are detrimental.

What are the applications of variable displacement axial piston pumps ?

Pompe à pistons axiaux — Wikipédia

Axial piston pumps with variable displacement engines are used in a variety of industries because of their unique advantages.

In the automotive industry, they are used to supply hydraulic fluid to braking, power steering, active suspension and automatic transmission systems. Variable displacement axial piston pumps offer precise control of pressure and flow, enabling the power of the various systems to be precisely regulated.

Variable displacement axial piston pumps are also used in machine tools to supply hydraulic fluid to the machine's various tools and accessories. Variable displacement axial piston pumps offer high energy efficiency and precise flow control, enabling the machine's performance to be optimised.

In hydraulic presses, these pumps are used to produce metal or plastic parts. Variable displacement axial piston pumps allow precise control of pressure, guaranteeing the quality and precision of the parts produced. In addition, the low vibration and noise levels of variable displacement axial piston pumps make them an ideal choice for hydraulic press applications requiring high precision and reliability.

Still on the same theme

- Variable displacement radial piston pumps

- Variable displacement vane pumps

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