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Variable displacement vane pumps

A real innovation in the world of hydraulics, the variable displacement pump allows the flow rate and pressure of the hydraulic fluid to be precisely adjusted as required, offering a more flexible and economical solution than a fixed-displacement pump. But did you know that variable displacement pumps also exist in the form of vane pumps? These hydraulic machines are particularly interesting because of their simple construction, reliability and energy efficiency. In this article, we will explore the advantages of these variable displacement rotary vane pumps, as well as their operation and application in various industries.

What is a variable displacement vane pump ?

Pompes à palettes [Hydraulique : De la mécanique des fluides à la transmission de Puissance]

A variable displacement vane pump is a hydraulic pump that uses moving vanes to create fluid movement in a hydraulic system.

Unlike fixed displacement rotary vane pumps, variable displacement rotary vane pumps allow the flow rate and pressure of hydraulic fluid to be regulated by adjusting the size of the compression chamber, using a displacement variation mechanism. This mechanism is generally based on an eccentric plate that rotates the vanes around a central axis, creating variable compression spaces.

How does a variable displacement vane pump work ?

24 Principe de fonctionnement d'une pompe à palettes à cylindrée fixe à... | Download Scientific Diagram

The operation of this pump is quite simple !

As the compression chamber narrows, it compresses the hydraulic fluid at high pressure. The pressure of the fluid then forces the vanes to move from the compression zone to the exhaust zone, where the fluid is released.

Variation in displacement is controlled by an adjustment system, which may be hydraulic, mechanical or electrical, depending on the type of pump.

The adjustment system acts on the eccentric plate to change the size of the compression chamber and regulate fluid flow and pressure.

The pumped hydraulic fluid can then be used to power cylinders, hydraulic motors or other hydraulic system components.

The flow and pressure flexibility of the variable displacement vane pump makes it an ideal solution for a wide range of hydraulic applications in a variety of industrial sectors.

Why use a variable displacement vane pump ?

Variable displacement rotary vane pumps offer a number of advantages in terms of energy efficiency, reliability, service life and adaptability.

Firstly, these pumps are highly energy-efficient, as they can regulate the flow and pressure of the hydraulic fluid by adjusting the size of the compression chamber using a control system. This means that the pump supplies only the amount of hydraulic fluid needed to operate the system, reducing energy consumption and running costs.

What's more, they are highly reliable and last longer than other types of pump, thanks to their simple, robust design that minimises the risk of breakdown.

These pumps are also capable of operating at high temperatures and pressures, making them suitable for the most demanding industrial applications.

Finally, variable displacement rotary vane pumps are capable of pumping different types of fluids, such as oil, water and corrosive fluids, making them versatile and suitable for a wide variety of applications.

What are the applications for variable displacement rotary vane pumps ?

Pompe à palettes — Wikipédia

Variable displacement rotary vane pumps are used in a wide variety of applications in many industrial sectors. They are particularly popular in the construction, manufacturing, agriculture, mining and energy sectors. In fact, these pumps are ideal for hydraulic systems that require precise regulation of flow and pressure, and are exposed to extreme working conditions

The most common applications for these pumps include machine tools, hydraulic presses, cutting and welding machines, handling equipment, commercial vehicles and construction machinery. They are also used in propulsion systems for ships and aircraft, and in hydraulic turbines for power generation.

More specifically, these machines can be used in speed regulation, power transmission, motion control and braking applications. They can also be used to pump corrosive fluids, viscous liquids and high-temperature fluids.

How do you choose your variable displacement vane pump ?

The choice of a variable displacement vane pump depends on a number of factors, including the flow rate and pressure required, the viscosity of the fluid, operating conditions, reliability and cost.

Fonctionnement et types de pompes a palettes non équilibrée | Piècetrip.com

- Flow and pressure

The pump must be capable of delivering the flow and pressure required to operate the hydraulic system. You must therefore ensure that the pump of your choice provides the range of flow and pressure that the system requires.

- Fluid viscosity

If the hydraulic fluid is viscous, it is important to choose a pump that is capable of pumping it efficiently. Variable displacement vane pumps are generally suitable for low-viscosity fluids, but it is possible to choose pumps specifically designed for more viscous fluids.

- Operating conditions

Operating conditions, such as temperature and pressure, can affect pump performance. You therefore need to choose a pump that is capable of operating in the specific conditions of the hydraulic system.

- Reliability

Reliability is an important factor to consider when choosing a pump. It's important to choose a top-quality pump that has been tested to ensure long life and reliable performance.

- Cost

The cost of the pump is also an important factor to consider. It's important to strike a balance between performance, reliability and cost to get the best value for your investment.

Still on the same theme

- Variable displacement radial piston pumps

- Variable displacement vane pumps

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